Water is known as the "universal solvent" and is therefore used with many ingredients to make it easier to dissolve and mix the ingredients together. In chocolate chip cookies, it mostly mixes together with flour and forms a tough substance called gluten (which many people have a food allergy to).
Flour (thiamin mononitrate): C12H17N4OS
Flour is a base ingredient in chocolate chip cookies. All-purpose flour is made from the endosperm of wheat. This flour is often bleached to give it a clean, white appearance and enriched to include nutrients that are lost due to the removal of the germ and bran. All-purpose flour has a medium balance of starch and protein so that it can be used in a wide variety of products without being too heavy or too delicate.
Sugar is a sweet compound that is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Sugar is added to chocolate chip cookies to give them the sweet taste we all crave. In many at home "from scratch" recipes, it calls for brown sugar, a mixture of white sugar and molasses to add even more sweetness.
Chocolate (cocoa butter): CH3(CH2)16COOH
Cocoa butter is usually thought to be used as a moisturizer for our skin, but it is also used in chocolate chip cookies. It has a similar composition to butter, which serves as a softener and thickener in the mixture as a whole - especially in the chocolate.
Soy lecithin that contains phosphatidyl choline is produced primarily from vegetable sources, but it can also be found in animal and microbial sources. However, the supplement and commercial form of lecithin sold on the market today are derived from soybean, grape seeds, and sunflowers.